Well Water in Richland County: What to Test and Why

Richland County's groundwater contains iron and PFOS at levels that exceed EPA health standards, which well owners should have tested and addressed. Iron is present at elevated concentrations, and PFOS is a synthetic chemical that has contaminated some wells in this area.

Iron dissolves naturally from the rock layers deep underground where the county's wells draw water. PFOS is a human-made chemical that enters groundwater through contamination from industrial sites, manufacturing areas, or disposal of products containing these compounds. The specific sources of PFOS in this county warrant investigation through local health or environmental records.

Groundwater in Richland County is very hard, driven by high levels of calcium and magnesium that dissolve from the limestone and other rock layers below. As water moves slowly through these deep rock formations over many years, it picks up these minerals and becomes saturated with them. Very hard water is the common condition across wells throughout this county.

Iron and PFOS are found at levels exceeding EPA health standards in wells throughout Richland County. Iron at elevated levels can affect how your body absorbs certain nutrients and may cause other health concerns over time. PFOS is a chemical that builds up in your body and can affect your immune system and liver function with long-term exposure.

The very hard water in county wells leaves white scale buildup on faucets, shower heads, and inside pipes. You may notice rusty orange or brown staining on sinks, toilets, and laundry from the iron. Hard water can shorten the lifespan of water heaters and dishwashers. Soap and shampoo work less well in very hard water, and you might notice a metallic taste.

We recommend testing your well water with a comprehensive metals and minerals panel to find out exactly what is in your water, since every well is different and your levels could be higher or lower than what is common in the county. Testing is the only way to know what needs treatment. A comprehensive panel typically costs between $200 and $400. Water softeners can handle hardness, and iron filters or aeration systems can address elevated iron.