Well Water in Sussex County: What to Test and Why

Groundwater in Sussex County contains arsenic, chloride, iron, lead, manganese, and nitrite at levels that exceed EPA health standards. These contaminants are present at concerning levels that warrant attention for well owners.

The Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system here contains naturally occurring arsenic and iron in the sand and clay layers underground. Manganese also occurs naturally in these rocks. Nitrite and elevated chloride come from human sources, typically septic systems, fertilizer use, and road salt that seep down into the groundwater over time.

Groundwater in Sussex County is soft with moderate iron content, driven by iron minerals in the sandy and clay aquifer rock. The water here lacks the hardness found in limestone regions because these underground layers are not carbonate rock. Iron is a common feature across wells in this county because it is naturally present throughout the aquifer.

Wells in Sussex County commonly have arsenic, chloride, lead, nitrite, and manganese above EPA health standards. Arsenic exposure over time can increase cancer risk and cause skin problems. Lead harms brain development in children and affects kidney and nervous system function in adults. Nitrite can prevent blood from carrying oxygen properly, which is especially dangerous for babies. Manganese at high levels can affect the nervous system and cause learning or movement problems.

Iron in county wells causes reddish or brownish staining on sinks, toilets, and laundry. It can also create a metallic taste in drinking water and leave rusty particles that clog pipes. The good news is your water is soft, so you won't deal with scale buildup or the appliance damage that comes with hard water.

We recommend a comprehensive testing panel for your well since multiple contaminants exceed health standards in this county. Your well could have higher or lower levels than what is common here, and testing is the only way to know what you're actually dealing with. A full panel typically costs between $200 and $400. Depending on results, treatment options like activated carbon filters or ion exchange systems can address different contaminants.