Groundwater in King William County contains manganese, iron, and chloride at levels high enough to exceed EPA health standards. These contaminants are present at moderate to elevated concentrations and deserve attention from well owners.
Iron and manganese occur naturally in the rock and clay layers of the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system beneath the county. As groundwater moves slowly through these sediments, it dissolves these metals from the rock itself. Chloride can come from both natural sources in the deeper aquifer layers and from human activities like road salt application.
Groundwater in this county is soft, but it carries moderate amounts of iron and sodium that give the water its mineral character. The sandy and clay-rich layers of the aquifer naturally release iron and manganese as water percolates through them over many years. Most wells in the county show these iron and manganese levels, making them a widespread feature of local groundwater.
Wells in King William County sometimes have elevated levels of chloride, sulfate, iron, and manganese. Chloride and sulfate at high levels can cause health problems over time, especially for people with heart disease, high blood pressure, or kidney problems. Iron and manganese can damage organs and affect how your body uses important nutrients when you drink them in large amounts for years.
The minerals in county wells can stain your clothes and fixtures with orange or brown marks from iron. You might notice a metallic or unpleasant taste in the water. These minerals can build up as scale inside pipes and reduce water flow, though the water in this county is relatively soft, so appliance damage is less of a concern than in harder water areas.
We recommend testing your well water to find out exactly what is in it, since every well is different and yours could have higher or lower levels than what is common here. A comprehensive panel that checks for metals and minerals costs between $200 and $400 and is the best way to understand your situation. Once you know what you have, you can decide if treatment like a water softener or iron filter makes sense for your family.
| Contaminant | Samples ⓘ | % Above MCL ⓘ | Distribution ⓘ | Confidence ⓘ | Risk ⓘ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | 50 | 2% | Moderate | Low | |
| Fluoride | 72 | 1% | Moderate | Low | |
| Chloride | 81 | 1% | Moderate | Low | |
| HFPO-DA (GenX) ⓘ municipal | 8 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| Manganese | 10 | 0% | Low | Low | |
| PFOA ⓘ municipal | 8 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| Sulfate | 72 | 0% | Moderate | Low | |
| Nitrate | 59 | 0% | Moderate | Low | |
| Nitrite | 17 | 0% | Moderate | Low | |
| PFHxS ⓘ municipal | 8 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| PFNA ⓘ municipal | 8 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| PFOS ⓘ municipal | 8 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| Uranium | 1 | 0% | Low | Low ⓘ | |
| Hardness | 72 | — | Moderate | Low | |
| PFBS ⓘ municipal | 8 | — | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| pH | 48 | — | Moderate | Low | |
| Sodium | 67 | — | Moderate | Low |
MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level (EPA limit for public water; used as benchmark for private wells). Distribution shows % of sampled wells in each concentration band. Methodology.
* Microbial contaminants (E. coli, coliform) reflect only samples from the last 10 years.
Data shows potential risk — a certified test confirms whether your water is affected.
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