Well Water in Juneau County: What to Test and Why

Groundwater in Juneau County contains manganese, iron, and nitrate that well owners should know about. These contaminants exceed EPA health standards, which means they are concerning enough to warrant attention.

These metals come from the rock layers deep underground. As groundwater moves slowly through the stone, iron and manganese dissolve into the water naturally. Nitrate enters from fertilizer and septic systems on the land surface above.

Groundwater in this county is moderately hard, driven mainly by calcium and magnesium from the bedrock below. The moderate hardness reflects the mineral-rich stone that holds the water. Most wells across Juneau County show this same moderately hard character.

Chloride, iron, manganese, and nitrate are found at levels exceeding EPA health standards in wells across Juneau County. Elevated chloride can damage your kidneys and cardiovascular system over time. Iron and manganese above health standards can affect the nervous system and cause other health problems with long-term exposure. Nitrate is particularly dangerous for infants and pregnant women, interfering with oxygen in the blood.

County wells are moderately hard, which causes scale buildup on pipes and inside appliances like water heaters and dishwashers. Over many years, this scaling can shorten how long these appliances last. You might notice rust-colored or brown staining on fixtures and laundry from the iron and manganese present. The water may also have a metallic or unpleasant taste or odor.

Every well is different, and your well may have higher or lower levels than what is common in the county. Testing is the only way to know what is actually in your well so you can treat it properly. We recommend a comprehensive metals and minerals panel, which typically costs between $200 and $400. Iron removal filters or water softening systems can help address multiple concerns at once.