Well Water in Buffalo County: What to Test and Why

Groundwater in Buffalo County contains iron, arsenic, and chloride that well owners should be aware of. Arsenic and iron exceed EPA health standards and warrant attention, while chloride remains at low levels.

Iron and arsenic come from the deep rock layers beneath the county. The sandstone and other rocks that supply groundwater naturally contain these metals, which dissolve into water as it moves through the ground.

Groundwater in this county is hard, driven by elevated calcium and magnesium released from the rock. As water sits in contact with these mineral-rich layers, the minerals dissolve slowly into the water supply. Hard water with very high iron is common across wells in this county.

Wells in Buffalo County commonly contain arsenic and iron at levels that exceed EPA health standards. Arsenic exposure over time increases the risk of cancer and can affect the skin, heart, and digestive system. Iron itself is not a health concern, but arsenic requires attention to protect your family's health.

County wells are hard, which means they have elevated minerals that affect daily life. The very high iron levels cause reddish or brown staining on fixtures, laundry, and dishes. Hard water leaves scale buildup on pipes and inside appliances like water heaters and dishwashers, which can shorten how long they last. You might notice a metallic taste in the water.

We recommend testing your well with a comprehensive metals and minerals panel, which costs between $200 and $400. Every well is different, and your well may have higher or lower levels than what is common in the county. Testing is the only way to know what is actually in your water so you can treat it properly. Treatment options for arsenic removal and iron reduction are available once you know your specific levels.