Groundwater in Knox County contains iron, manganese, and arsenic. Iron and manganese exceed EPA health standards, making these contaminants a serious concern for well owners.
The Pennsylvanian rocks beneath Knox County naturally release these metals as groundwater sits in long contact with the rock layers. Iron and manganese are locked inside the shale and other rock types here, dissolving slowly into the water as it moves through fractures and tiny spaces in the stone.
Groundwater in this county is hard, driven by elevated calcium and magnesium from the rock. The high iron content is the most noticeable mineral character of the water. These characteristics are common across wells throughout Knox County, with most showing similar levels of hardness and iron.
Iron and manganese are the main contaminants that exceed EPA health standards in wells across Knox County. Elevated manganese can affect your nervous system and brain development, especially in children, with harmful effects building up over many years of exposure. Iron itself doesn't pose a direct health risk at the levels found here, but manganese is the greater health concern.
Wells in this county tend to have hard water, which leaves white crusty buildup on fixtures and inside pipes. The iron causes orange-brown stains on sinks, toilets, and laundry. Hard water can also shorten the lifespan of water heaters and dishwashers due to scale buildup.
We recommend testing your well to find out exactly what you're dealing with. Every well is different, and yours may have higher or lower levels than what's common in the county. A comprehensive metals and minerals panel typically costs $200-400 and is the only way to know what needs treatment. Water softeners combined with iron filters can address these mineral concerns.
Not sure if your well is affected? Get certified results in 5–7 days.
Test Your Well Water with Tap Score →| Contaminant | Samples ⓘ | % Above MCL ⓘ | Distribution ⓘ | Confidence ⓘ | Risk ⓘ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manganese | 115 | 71% | High | High | |
| Iron | 121 | 63% | High | High | |
| Arsenic | 105 | 26% | High | High | |
| Chloride | 119 | 0% | High | Low | |
| Fluoride | 92 | 0% | Moderate | Low | |
| HFPO-DA (GenX) ⓘ municipal | 4 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| Lead | 106 | 0% | High | Low | |
| Nitrate | 17 | 0% | Moderate | Low | |
| Nitrite | 12 | 0% | Low | Low | |
| PFHxS ⓘ municipal | 4 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| PFNA ⓘ municipal | 5 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| PFOA ⓘ municipal | 5 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| PFOS ⓘ municipal | 4 | 0% | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| Radon | 1 | 0% | Low | Low ⓘ | |
| Sulfate | 19 | 0% | Moderate | Low | |
| Uranium | 2 | 0% | Low | Low ⓘ | |
| Hardness | 93 | — | Moderate | Low | |
| PFBS ⓘ municipal | 4 | — | Low | Safe ⓘ | |
| pH | 90 | — | Moderate | Low | |
| Sodium | 121 | — | High | Low |
MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level (EPA limit for public water; used as benchmark for private wells). Distribution shows % of sampled wells in each concentration band. Methodology.
* Microbial contaminants (E. coli, coliform) reflect only samples from the last 10 years.
Data shows potential risk — a certified test confirms whether your water is affected.
Order a Tap Score Test →Population-level CDC data. Not individual risk prediction.
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