Well Water in Salem County: What to Test and Why

Well owners in Salem County should be aware of manganese, iron, arsenic, chloride, radon, and PFOA in their groundwater. Several of these contaminants exceed EPA health standards and warrant attention.

These contaminants come from the sandy and gravelly layers that make up the aquifer system in this region. Iron and manganese occur naturally when water moves through these sediments and dissolves metals from the rock. Arsenic also comes from natural sources within the aquifer material. Chloride and PFOA can come from salt water that has moved into freshwater areas and from industrial or manufacturing activities in the region.

Groundwater in Salem County is notably high in iron, which gives the water its distinctive character. Iron concentrations in this area are elevated because water passing through the sandy and gravelly aquifer dissolves iron from the sediment. Sodium is also present at moderate levels, adding to the mineral content of the water. These characteristics are common across many wells throughout the county.

Wells in Salem County show several contaminants at levels that exceed EPA health standards. Chloride, iron, manganese, arsenic, and radon have all been found in county wells above safe drinking water limits. Arsenic is a known carcinogen that increases cancer risk with long-term exposure. Radon is a radioactive gas that damages lung cells and increases lung cancer risk. Manganese can harm the brain and nervous system, especially in children. Iron and chloride at elevated levels also pose health concerns.

County wells commonly have high iron levels that stain clothing, fixtures, and plumbing. You may notice reddish or brown discoloration on sinks, toilets, and laundry. The water can taste metallic or unpleasant. These mineral levels can also shorten the lifespan of water heaters and dishwashers by causing buildup inside the equipment.

We recommend getting your well tested right away with a comprehensive panel since multiple contaminants exceed health standards. Every well is different--your water may have higher or lower levels than what is common in the county. Testing is the only way to know exactly what is in your well so you can treat it properly. A comprehensive metals and minerals panel typically costs $200 to $400. Treatment options like reverse osmosis, activated carbon filters, or ion exchange can address multiple contaminants depending on your test results.